Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs that form in or on the ovaries. There are several types, and the most common of them are harmless, cause no symptoms, and disappear over time. Others can be more troublesome and require medical attention.
Gynecologist John A. Whitfield, MD, in Fort Worth, Texas, specializes in diagnosing and treating ovarian cysts. Visit us for a consultation and exam if you suspect you’re affected. We’ll let you know if it’s safe to watch and wait or if you need prompt treatment.
Functional cysts are the most common, forming as a by-product of your menstrual cycle. Follicles are the active producers of your ovaries, producing estrogen and progesterone, as well as releasing eggs during ovulation. They produce two types of cysts.
When a follicle doesn’t rupture and release an egg, it continues to grow, forming a cyst. Sometimes, after releasing its egg, the ruptured follicle, now called a corpus luteum, gets blocked. These functional cysts rarely cause pain and usually disappear after a few periods.
Other ovarian cysts aren’t related to the menstrual cycle. These include:
This cyst develops from surface cells of an ovary. It’s usually filled with mucous or a thinner liquid. Along with dermoid cysts, cystadenoma can grow large, causing discomfort or pain when they displace or twist an ovary.
Forming from the cells that make eggs, dermoid cysts contain epithelial cells. They can create and contain tissue cells, such as those that form skin, hair, and teeth. In rare cases, this type of cyst can become cancerous.
Cells from the uterine lining can develop outside of the uterus, a condition called endometriosis. When it affects an ovary, endometriomas may form.
These are the primary concerns for the development of cancer. Unlike simple cysts, complex cysts don’t resolve on their own and can contain blood vessels or solid tissue.
Rarely, they can form from cystadenoma, dermoid cysts, or endometrioma. Pelvic infections and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) can also lead to cancerous conditions.
Since most cysts have few or no symptoms, you may not be aware of them. When symptoms occur, you may notice:
Visit Dr. Whitfield if you experience any of these symptoms. An exam and additional testing will provide a clearer picture of the type of cyst causing the symptoms, and the diagnosis will indicate whether you need treatment or if the cyst can be monitored over time.
Chances are that your ovarian cyst won’t become a problem, but if it does, you want to be ahead of the game. Contact John A. Whitfield, MD, by calling 817-927-2229 today.
