
PCOS 101: Understanding the Symptoms and Your Treatment Options

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine problem experienced by women of reproductive age in the United States. It’s estimated that over 5% of women in the country experience this condition.
Gynecologist John A. Whitfield, MD of Fort Worth, Texas, diagnoses and treats PCOS, depending on your plans for future pregnancy. Here’s what you need to know about this hormonal condition.
What is PCOS?
A hormonal imbalance resulting from an overproduction problem with the ovaries. Androgens, a type of predominantly male hormone that’s found in smaller quantities in women, cause problems when they change the overall balance of reproductive hormones.
Symptoms of PCOS include:
- Period irregularities: fewer menstrual periods, irregular cycles, periods that last longer than a week, fewer than nine periods a year
- Polycystic ovaries: follicles with immature eggs may proliferate, and your ovaries may be larger than normal or not behave as they should
- Symptoms of excess androgen: including acne, extra body and facial hair, or male-pattern baldness
If you are obese, you’re at greater risk of PCOS.
Treatment options
Treating PCOS depends on several factors, including your future plans to have children.
Lifestyle
For some, the best and least invasive way to treat PCOS is through lifestyle changes. Primarily, weight loss is a significant factor for many individuals with the condition. Even a 5% reduction in body weight lowers the impact of PCOS on your body, and it may also help drug treatments work more effectively.
Aiding weight loss by improving the quality of your diet, reducing processed foods, unhealthy fats, sugar, and red meats, is an excellent and sustainable approach. Add a baseline of healthy activity, and you have a potentially winning combination.
Most experts recommend 30 minutes of moderate, low-impact activities, five times a week, as a minimum level to sustain general health. Add walking, biking, swimming, or similar methods to boost your fitness.
Medications
The approach to drug therapy depends on the nature of your symptoms. Dr. Whitfield can prescribe options to:
- Regulate your menstrual cycle: including progestin therapy or estrogen/progestin birth control pills
- Reduce acne and unwanted hair growth: using birth control pills, spironolactone, eflornithine, or conventional acne treatments
- Encourage ovulation when you’re trying to conceive: using a variety of medications, some known for their use in controlling other conditions.
It’s essential to manage PCOS effectively to minimize potential complications. These may include:
- Endometrial cancer
- Anxiety, depression, or eating disorders
- Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
- Miscarriage
- Premature birth
- Infertility
- Metabolic syndrome
Contact John A. Whitfield, MD, and his team at our Fort Worth office. Call 817-927-2229 to book your appointment today.
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